Instalasi Nginx Debian 12

Instal Nginx diawali dengan mengetikan perintah

apt update
apt upgrade
apt install ufw

akan muncul tampilan seperti berikut

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  iptables libip6tc2 libnetfilter-conntrack3 libnfnetlink0
Suggested packages:
  firewalld rsyslog
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  iptables libip6tc2 libnetfilter-conntrack3 libnfnetlink0 ufw
0 upgraded, 5 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 603 kB of archives.
After this operation, 3606 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Get:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/main amd64 libip6tc2 amd64 1.8.9-2 [19.4 kB]
Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/main amd64 libnfnetlink0 amd64 1.0.2-2 [15.1 kB]
Get:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/main amd64 libnetfilter-conntrack3 amd64 1.0.9-3 [40.7 kB]
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/main amd64 iptables amd64 1.8.9-2 [360 kB]
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/main amd64 ufw all 0.36.2-1 [168 kB]
Fetched 603 kB in 0s (2373 kB/s)
Preconfiguring packages ...
Selecting previously unselected package libip6tc2:amd64.
(Reading database ... 19138 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libip6tc2_1.8.9-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libip6tc2:amd64 (1.8.9-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libnfnetlink0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libnfnetlink0_1.0.2-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libnfnetlink0:amd64 (1.0.2-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libnetfilter-conntrack3:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libnetfilter-conntrack3_1.0.9-3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libnetfilter-conntrack3:amd64 (1.0.9-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package iptables.
Preparing to unpack .../iptables_1.8.9-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking iptables (1.8.9-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ufw.
Preparing to unpack .../archives/ufw_0.36.2-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking ufw (0.36.2-1) ...
Setting up libip6tc2:amd64 (1.8.9-2) ...
Setting up libnfnetlink0:amd64 (1.0.2-2) ...
Setting up libnetfilter-conntrack3:amd64 (1.0.9-3) ...
Setting up iptables (1.8.9-2) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/sbin/iptables-legacy to provide /usr/sbin/iptables (iptables) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/sbin/ip6tables-legacy to provide /usr/sbin/ip6tables (ip6tables) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/sbin/iptables-nft to provide /usr/sbin/iptables (iptables) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/sbin/ip6tables-nft to provide /usr/sbin/ip6tables (ip6tables) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/sbin/arptables-nft to provide /usr/sbin/arptables (arptables) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/sbin/ebtables-nft to provide /usr/sbin/ebtables (ebtables) in auto mode
Setting up ufw (0.36.2-1) ...

Creating config file /etc/ufw/before.rules with new version

Creating config file /etc/ufw/before6.rules with new version

Creating config file /etc/ufw/after.rules with new version

Creating config file /etc/ufw/after6.rules with new version
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/ufw.service -> /lib/systemd/system/ufw.service.
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.36-9+deb12u8) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.11.2-2) ...
root@nginx:~# 

Enable ufw dengan mengetikkan perintah

root@nginx:~# ufw enable (enter)
Firewall is active and enabled on system startup
root@nginx:~# 

Cek status ufw

root@nginx:~# ufw status (enter)
Status: active
root@nginx:~# 

Install nginx dengan mengetikkan perintah

root@nginx:~# apt install nginx (enter)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  nginx-common
Suggested packages:
  fcgiwrap nginx-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  nginx nginx-common
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 640 kB of archives.
After this operation, 1696 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y (enter)
Get:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/main amd64 nginx-common all 1.22.1-9 [112 kB]
Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/main amd64 nginx amd64 1.22.1-9 [527 kB]
Fetched 640 kB in 0s (2491 kB/s)
Preconfiguring packages ...
Selecting previously unselected package nginx-common.
(Reading database ... 19463 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../nginx-common_1.22.1-9_all.deb ...
Unpacking nginx-common (1.22.1-9) ...
Selecting previously unselected package nginx.
Preparing to unpack .../nginx_1.22.1-9_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking nginx (1.22.1-9) ...
Setting up nginx-common (1.22.1-9) ...
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service -> /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.
Setting up nginx (1.22.1-9) ...
Upgrading binary: nginx.
Processing triggers for man-db (2.11.2-2) ...
Processing triggers for ufw (0.36.2-1) ...
root@nginx:~# 

Instalasi lengkap dengan mysql dan PHP, dengan mengetikan perintah seperti di bawah ini,

apt -y install nginx php5 php5-xmlrpc php5-mysql php5-gd php5-cli php5-curl \
mysql-client mysql-server

Cek / Test

Restart nginx

root@nginx:~# systemctl restart nginx (enter)
root@nginx:~# systemctl status nginx (enter)
* nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Tue 2024-09-03 01:48:21 UTC; 35s ago
       Docs: man:nginx(8)
    Process: 5207 ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t -q -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exit>
    Process: 5209 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, statu>
   Main PID: 5210 (nginx)
      Tasks: 2 (limit: 38314)
     Memory: 1.7M
        CPU: 5ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
             |-5210 "nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on;"
             `-5211 "nginx: worker process" 

Sep 03 01:48:21 nginx systemd[1]: Starting nginx.service - A high performance web server and a r>
Sep 03 01:48:21 nginx systemd[1]: Started nginx.service - A high performance web server and a re>
...skipping...
* nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Tue 2024-09-03 01:48:21 UTC; 35s ago
       Docs: man:nginx(8)
    Process: 5207 ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t -q -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exit>
    Process: 5209 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, statu>
   Main PID: 5210 (nginx)
      Tasks: 2 (limit: 38314)
     Memory: 1.7M
        CPU: 5ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
             |-5210 "nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on;"
             `-5211 "nginx: worker process"

Sep 03 01:48:21 nginx systemd[1]: Starting nginx.service - A high performance web server and a r>
Sep 03 01:48:21 nginx systemd[1]: Started nginx.service - A high performance web server and a re>
~
~

lines 1-16/16 (END) (tekan kombinasi tombol ctrl + c untuk keluar dari tampilan ini)
^C
root@nginx:~# ^C
root@nginx:~# 

Cek IP Address Server dengan mengetikkan perintah

root@Ngin-X:~# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0@if58: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 42:92:d2:25:49:58 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
    inet 192.168.20.9/24 brd 192.168.20.255 scope global dynamic eth0
       valid_lft 1566sec preferred_lft 1566sec
    inet6 fe80::4092:d2ff:fe25:4958/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
root@Ngin-X:~#

akses melalui web

http://192.168.20.9

akan keluar kata-kata

Welcome to nginx!

Konfigurasi Default

Folder HTML default

root /usr/share/nginx/html;

Konfigurasi nginx

/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default

chmod -Rf 755 /usr/share/nginx
chown -Rf nobody.nogroup /usr/share/nginx

Untuk mengubah document root supaya tidak bentrok, ubah /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default

root /var/www/html;